Medicaid Annuities: How Do They Work? (Part 1)

In order to qualify for Medicaid, a single individual cannotimmediately qualify for Medicaid without having to
have more than $2,000 in countable assets, and aspend down the $50,000. The $354 will have to be
couple cannot have more than $101,540. Any excesspaid to the nursing home each month, and Medicaid will
must be either spent down till it's gone (not generallypick up the difference. Under new laws that became
the best alternative), gifted (which causes a costlyeffective Feb. 8, 2006, the state will have to be named
period of Medicaid ineligibility), or converted to aas the beneficiary of the annuity up to the amount of
non-countable asset. Such a non-countable asset is aMedicaid benefits it paid on your behalf, during your
"Medicaid annuity." Here's how it works.lifetime.
An annuity is a regular stream of payments back toIf you live to your full life expectancy and then die, the
you, in exchange for a lump sum of money. They canannuity payments will stop, and the state will be unable
be either private (made between you and a familyto receive any reimbursement. But what if you happen
member) or commercial (made with an insuranceto die after 2 years? In that case, the annuity
company). Medicaid only allows commercial annuities.payments will continue for the balance of the
For example, if you are a male, age 70, you couldguarantee period, but must first go to the state until
transfer $50,000 to an insurance company inyour Medicaid "bill" is fully paid. After that, if any
exchange for a monthly annuity payment of $400,payments are still to be made, they can pass to your
guaranteed for your life, no matter how long you lived.family members.
But what if you died unexpectedly after two years?So if the Medicaid "bill" is for two years' of Medicaid
The annuity payments would stop. Most people do notcoverage, it could easily be in the amount of $96,000
like that, and therefore will typically purchase the(assumes $4,000/month). Since that exceeds the
annuity with a "guarantee period" of at least a certainvalue of the annuity, the state will receive all of the
number of years.remaining payments and your family will get nothing.
According to the Medicaid rules, a male age 70 has aAs you can see, using the entire amount of excess
life expectancy of 12.8 years. So you cannot purchasefunds to purchase a Medicaid annuity for a single
an annuity with a guarantee period that exceeds 12.8individual rarely makes sense. However, in order to be
years without causing a period of disqualification fromsure, you simply must "run the numbers": how much
Medicaid. So let's stick with 12.8 years to be safe.money is there to invest in the annuity? What is the
Because you are guaranteed payments for the longerage of the nursing home resident? What is the
of your life expectancy or 12.8 years, the monthlyexpected life expectancy of the resident? Once you
payments will be lower. In this example, they drop fromknow those factors, you can try different scenarios
$400 to $354 per month.and see whether or not it makes sense to purchase
So why would anyone do this? What if you are in athe annuity. If not, then other Medicaid planning
nursing home and have $50,000 too much in the bank.techniques should instead be considered.
You could purchase one of these annuities and